Polyurethane yog dab tsi?Dab tsi yog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane?

Txij li thaum pib ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv xyoo 1950, cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane (uas yog, cov khoom siv molecular siab uas muaj cov carbamate pawg hauv cov saw tseem ceeb ntawm macromolecules - NHCOO) tau tsim sai heev.Piv nrog rau cov khoom siv roj hmab polymer, nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb.Nws tuaj yeem siv cov lej sib txawv ntawm cov pab pawg ua haujlwm thiab ntau hom kev ua haujlwm raws li kev ua haujlwm sib txawv, thiab siv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm los tsim cov khoom siv polyurethane nrog kev ua haujlwm sib txawv thiab cov yam ntxwv.

Kuj tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis nyob hauv cov roj hmab, xws li foamed plastics, rigid plastic products, coatings, resilient synthetic fibers, artificial leather, adhesives, etc.

Cov ntaub ntawv polyurethane tam sim no tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw, piv txwv li, hauv kev lag luam aerospace, nws cov khoom siv tawv, cov khoom muag muag thiab cov khoom ua npuas ncauj yog sib zog dua li cov ntaub ntawv hlau (tseem ceeb heev rau lub dav hlau), feem ntau yog siv rau hauv dav hlau npog npog, ceev nres, antennas. Npog, aircraft roj tank fillers, roj noj tswj carburetor buoys, thiab lwm yam., nrog rau ntau yam kev txhawb nqa ncej thiab lub rooj zaum cushions rau kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, thiab rwb thaiv tsev hauv kev lag luam tsheb thauj mus los.Lub rooj zaum hauv ncoo, cov rooj tog zaum hauv tsev, thiab cov log tsheb txawm tias tsis tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm cov khoom siv polyurethane, thiab kev tsim kho tshiab thiab siv cov khoom siv hauv tsheb shock-absorbing accessories tau tshwm sim ntau dua.

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau hom khoom siv polyurethane, nws cov khoom faib tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li: cov khoom ua npuas ncauj hloov tau, cov khoom tsis zoo thiab cov elastomers.

Yog tias cov khoom siv molding yog sib xyaw polyurethane roj hmab, nws feem ntau yog cov khoom thiab tuaj yeem ua vulcanized nrog sulfur, peroxide thiab polyisocyanate, thiab tuaj yeem tsim raws li cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab.Hauv cov thermoplastic elastomers, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding lossis compression molding.Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm yas polyurethane, nws yuav ua tau los ntawm daim kab xev casting.

Noj cov khoom lag luam polyurethane ua npuas ncauj ua piv txwv, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm feem ntau yog ob qho tib si kua tshuaj tiv thaiv molding.Ntawd yog, ib pab pawg yog thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib xyaw ntawm polyol polymer thiab isocyanate, thiab tom qab ntawd cov reactants saum toj no yog tov nrog lwm pab pawg xws li dej, foaming agent, stabilizer, catalyst thiab ntau yam auxiliary agents los tsim cov organic aminoformaldehyde Ester.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj reactants xws li urea pawg siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no los tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide, tso cov cua sov ntau, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov khoom siv los kho cov foaming ceev, thiab thaum kawg ua tiav cov khoom ua npuas ncauj.

Tam sim no, lub tsheb tsim kev lag luam yog niaj hnub txhim kho nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev nyab xeeb, kev nplij siab thiab durability, thiab muaj ntau yam yuav tsum tau rau durability nyob rau hauv lub high-kev siv ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob ntawm shock-absorbing thiab damping elastomer qhov chaw.Ib hom tshiab ntawm kev poob siab absorber ua los ntawm mos polyurethane ua npuas ncauj tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws kev lag luam, thiab nws lub cev thiab txhua yam khoom thiab damping nyhuv yog me ntsis zoo dua li cov roj hmab damping accessories.